随着电动汽车的广泛应用和智能电网的发展,电动汽车与电网互动(Vehicle to Grid,简称V2G)技术越来越重要。充放电机作为电网和电动汽车的接口,对于实现两者的能量互动至关重要。本文研究并设计了基于四象限AC/DC变流器和双向DC/DC变流器的V2G充放电机,用以控制电网与电动汽车蓄电池间的能量流动；AC/DC变流器利用瞬时功率理论和电流模式闭环控制,实现了其与电网之间有功功率和无功功率的解耦控制；DC/DC变流器分别采用基于蓄电池电压和基于中间直流母线电压的闭环控制,对应实现了蓄电池充电时的多段模式和放电时的功率调节。利用MATLAB/SIMULINK系统全面地仿真了V2G充放电的多种工况,仿真结果表明,该充电机能实现V2G所要求的相应功能,实现能量的双向流动满足用户的需求。
英文摘要:
With the widely used of electric vehicles and the development of smart grid. V2G (Vehicle to Grid) becomes more and more important. As the Interface between electric vehicles and smart grid, The charging- discharging device is a crucial factor in the energy transfer between grid and electric vehicle. This paper studies and designs the V2G charging-discharging device based on four-quadrant AC/DC converter and bi-directional DC/DC converter in order to control the energy flow between the grid and battery of electrical vehicle. By using the instantaneous power theory and current mode closed-loop control , AC/DC converter achieves the decoupling control of active and reactive power between it and the grid. By using closed-loop control based on voltage of battery and intermediate dc bus voltage respectively,DC/DC converter realizes the multi-section mode during the battery charging and achieves power regulation during discharging. Various working conditions of V2G charging-discharging device are simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment. The result of simulation shows that this charger can achieve function of V2G, realize energy bi-directional flow and meet the needs of users．
