With the progress of science and technology and the rapid development of power grid construction, the demand for electrical equipment on-line monitoring system is becoming more and more rigorous. At present there are many doubts in terms of insulation, accuracy, and stability and so onin the ways of measuring temperature, such as electric sensors and infrared sensors.Fluorescence optical fiber temperature sensor is a new kind of electrical equipment temperature monitoring ,so this paper design and implement a set of electrical equipment on-line monitoring system based on fluorescence optical fiber. With the type of switchgear as experimental object, the experimental results show that thisreal-time temperature measurement system has the very good monitoring effect, to ensure the safe operation of the switchgear.