The RFID handheld terminal based on Android system requires longer battery life time. Therefore, the handheld terminal has more stringent limit on the power consumption of the system. In this paper, the microprocessor selection of the RFID handheld terminal is completed.The factors that affect system power consumption are systemically analyzed.Also, the measures to lower the system power consumption in engineering practice are proposed.Low-power design is conducted both in hardware and software aspects. Finally, the power of the RFID handheld terminal is tested and the test data are analyzed.