高海拔微型断路器分断性能的数值仿真分析及应用

杨文强; 张蓬鹤; 张保亮

杨文强,张蓬鹤,张保亮.高海拔微型断路器分断性能的数值仿真分析及应用[J].电测与仪表,2022,59(6):181-187.
Yang Wengqiang,Zhang Penghe,Zhang Baoliang.Numerical simulation analysis and application of breaking performance of high altitude miniature circuit breaker[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2022,59(6):181-187.

高海拔微型断路器分断性能的数值仿真分析及应用

Numerical simulation analysis and application of breaking performance of high altitude miniature circuit breaker

DOI：DOI: 10.19753/j.issn1001-1390.2022.06.025

中文关键词: 气压数值分析微型断路器分断性能

英文关键词:air pressure, numerical analysis, miniature circuit breaker, breaking performance

基金项目:国家电网公司科技资助项目（5442JL210004）

作者中文名	作者英文名	单位
杨文强	Yang Wengqiang	中国电力科学研究院有限公司
张蓬鹤	Zhang Penghe	中国电力科学研究院有限公司
张保亮	Zhang Baoliang	中国电力科学研究院有限公司

摘要点击次数: 1602

中文摘要:

高海拔环境下，以空气为灭弧介质的微型断路器分断性能下降，发生短路故障时大电流对电力系统和设备本体的危害加大。为分析分断过程中的环境作用规律并开展优化设计，文中依据高海拔环境下电弧电压的变化规律将分断过程划分为四个阶段，推导出相应的电弧电压电流数值方程，分析不同预期分断电流、合闸相角、气压和电弧电压对分断过程的影响，求解数值方程得到断路器在不同条件下的电弧电流电压波形，并开展不同电流、合闸相角下的分断试验验证，得出随着分断增大，断路器分断性能考核最严格合闸相角明显改变，再在该相角下分析气压下降时的电弧电压和大电流危害表征量的变化规律，综合考虑灭弧能量和焦耳积分增加值得到高海拔环境下大电流危害增加百分数，得出低气压下断路器分断性能明显劣化，并开展断路器优化设计，数值计算其电弧参量并试验验证优化设计后的大电流危害下降程，得出优化设计后大电流危害表征量降低至低海拔地区的相应值，所提数值仿真方法实用有效。

英文摘要:

The breaking performance of the miniature circuit breaker with air as arc extinguishing medium is reduced, and the harm to the power system and the equipment caused by large current in case of short circuit fault is increased in high altitude environment. In order to analyze the law of environmental action in the breaking process and carry out the optimal design, the breaking process was divided into four stages according to the changing law of arc voltage in high altitude environment, the corresponding numerical equations of arc voltage and current were derived, the influence of the expected breaking current, the closing phase angle, air pressure and arc voltage on the breaking process were analyzed in this paper. The numerical equations were solved to obtain the arc current and voltage waveforms of the circuit breaker under different conditions. And the breaking test was carried out under different current and closing phase angles, it is obtained that the expected breaking current increases, the most stringent closing phase angle changes significantly in the breaking performance assessment. Then, the law of arc voltage and large current harm characteristic parameters changing with the air pressure dropping were analyzed under these phase angles. The percentages of the large current harm increase including the arc energy increase and the Joule integral increase were obtained in high altitude environment, it is obtained that the breaking performance of the circuit breaker is deteriorated obviously under low air pressure. The circuit breaker optimal design was carried out, the arc parameters were calculated numerically, and the degree of large current harm reduction after the optimized design was verified by experiments, it is obtained that large current harm characteristic parameters are reduced to the corresponding values in the low altitude area, and the proposed numerical simulation method is practical and effective.

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