在智能电网中，拥有可再生能源发电装备的用户可以与他人进行能源交易，以获取利润。自产能源不足的用户可通过从其他有剩余能源的用户购买所需的能源来满足需求。然而如果参与交易无法为用户带来额外收益，用户就不愿意参与此类交易。为了提高能源交易参与者的收益，文中提出了一种新的点对点（peer to peer, P2P)能源交易方法，将能源交易描述为能源产消者和拍卖商之间的非合作博弈。买方根据不同的电价调整购买的能源数量，拍卖者控制博弈，卖方不参与博弈，但最终实现效益最大化，然后证明了存在唯一的博弈均衡，以确定市场能源交易价格和数量。利用区块链技术实现了所提出的能源交易方法，以显示实时P2P能源交易的可行性。仿真结果表明，与现有的两种方法相比，所提出的方法参与者累积效益提高了32%以上，验证了其有效性。
英文摘要:
In the smart grid, customers with renewable energy generation equipment can trade energy with others for a profit. Users with insufficient self-generated energy can meet their needs by purchasing the energy they need from other users who have surplus energy. However, users are reluctant to participate in such transactions if they do not generate additional revenue for them. In order to improve the revenue of energy trading participants, this paper proposes a new perer to perer (P2P) energy trading approach. Energy trading is described as a non-cooperative game between energy generators and consumers and auctioneers. The buyer adjusts the amount of energy purchased according to different tariffs, the auctioneer controls the game, and the seller does not participate in the game, but ultimately maximizes the benefits. Then, the existence of a unique game equilibrium is proved to determine the market energy trading price and quantity. The proposed energy trading method is implemented through using blockchain technology to show the feasibility of real-time P2P energy trading. Simulation results show that the cumulative efficiency of the participants of the proposed method is improved by more than 32% compared to two existing methods, which verifies its effectiveness.
