基于负极电阻实时监测的锂电池SOC估计方法

郝杰; 冯雪松; 张晓琨; 向勇

郝杰,冯雪松,张晓琨,向勇.基于负极电阻实时监测的锂电池SOC估计方法[J].电测与仪表,2025,62(10):115-120.
hao jie,feng xue song,zhang xiao kun,xiang yong.Lithium-ion battery SOC estimation method based on real-time monitoring of negative electrode resistance[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2025,62(10):115-120.

基于负极电阻实时监测的锂电池SOC估计方法

Lithium-ion battery SOC estimation method based on real-time monitoring of negative electrode resistance

DOI：10.19753/j.issn1001-1390.2025.10.013

中文关键词: 锂离子电池内部传感负极电阻数据驱动 SOC估计

英文关键词:lithium-ion battery, internal sensing, negative electrode resistance, data-driven, SOC estimation

基金项目:四川省科技计划项目（2069998）；四川省科技厅项目（2022ZYD0130）

作者中文名	作者英文名	单位
郝杰	hao jie	电子科技大学
冯雪松	feng xue song	电子科技大学
张晓琨	zhang xiao kun	电子科技大学材料与能源学院
向勇	xiang yong	电子科技大学材料与能源学院

摘要点击次数: 39

中文摘要:

锂离子电池的内部参数相较于外部参数能更好地反应电池内部的真实状态，而现有的锂离子电池荷电状态（state of charge, SOC）估计方法的研究基本都是基于外部参数。在锂离子电池充放电过程中，随着负极嵌锂量的变化，负极电阻也会规律性的发生变化。基于此，文中开发了一种可实时监测电池负极电阻的传感方法，并提出一种基于该方法及数据驱动法的SOC估计新途径。通过在电池负极引入传感极耳，实现了负极电阻的实时监测，并利用电流密度分布仿真及电池长循环实验优化了传感极耳的位置与宽度，减小了传感极耳对电池性能的影响；通过实测数据验证了负极电阻与SOC强相关；此外，通过循环倍率测试，验证了引入传感极耳后的电池与常规电池循环倍率性能相近。在此基础上，结合门控循环单元（gate recurrent unit, GRU）网络模型，验证了在引入负极电阻作为输入特征后，模型的均方根误差（root mean square error, RMSE）相较于引入前降低了1.08%。实验证明，基于负极电阻的SOC估计方法具有良好的应用前景与研究意义。

英文摘要:

Compared with the external parameters, the internal parameters of lithium-ion batteries can better reflect the true state of lithium-ion batteries. However, the existing research on the estimation method of the state of charge (SOC) for lithium-ion batteries is basically based on external parameters. During the charging-discharging process of lithium-ion batteries, the negative electrode resistance changes regularly with the variation in lithium insertion amount. Based on this factor, a sensing method to monitor the negative resistance in real time is developed in this paper, moreover, a new method for the SOC estimation based on this method and a data-driven approach is proposed. Real-time monitoring of negative electrode resistance is achieved by introducing sensing lug in the negative electrode of the battery, and the position and width of the sensing lug are optimized by current density distribution simulation and long-cycle battery experimentation to reduce the influence of the sensing lug on battery performance. A strong correlation between the negative electrode resistance and SOC is verified through experimental data analysis. Additionally, combined with the gated recurrent unit (GRU) model, it is demonstrated that after introducing negative electrode resistance as an input feature, the root mean square error (RMSE) of the test set result is reduced by 1. 08% compared with that before the introduction. The results show that the SOC estimation method based on negative electrode resistance has promising application prospects and research significance.

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