虚拟电厂（virtual power plant, VPP）将电力作为中心，将各种类型的负荷聚集进行管理，通过协调优化技术降低成本，是重要的碳交易载体。为促进VPP在碳减排方面的积极作用，提出一种计及碳交易及综合需求响应的VPP优化运行策略。文中介绍了VPP各组成元件和能源管理策略，提出了VPP碳交易系统模型，考虑峰谷分时电价、热价，建立综合需求响应机制，构建需求响应模型；然后，光伏和风电的功率的预测通过机器学习完成，其准确性较高，可以减少罚款，考虑能源市场和碳市场的收入、运营成本和新能源发电费用，以VPP在调度周期内收益最大为目标函数，建立了低碳竞价模型并进行求解，通过算例验证了所提策略的有效性。
英文摘要:
Virtual power plant (VPP) takes electricity as the center, manages various types of load clustering, and reduces costs through coordinated optimization technology. It is an important carbon trading carrier. In order to promote the positive role of VPP in carbon emission reduction, a VPP optimal operation strategy considering carbon trading and integrated demand response is proposed. The components of VPP and energy management strategies are introduced, and the VPP carbon trading system model is proposed.Considering the peak and valley time-of-use electricity prices and heat prices, anintegrated demand response mechanism is established, and a demand response model is constructed. The power prediction of photovoltaic and wind is completed through machine learning, which has high accuracy and can reduce fines.Considering the income, operating costs and new energy power generation costs of the energy market and carbon market, a low-carbon bidding model is established and solved with the maximum benefit of VPP in the scheduling cycle as the objective function, and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by examples.
