考虑电压越限风险的新型电力系统分布式光伏发电出力调控方法研究

张佳祺; 余姗姗; 徐凌寒

张佳祺,余姗姗,徐凌寒.考虑电压越限风险的新型电力系统分布式光伏发电出力调控方法研究[J].电测与仪表,2026,63(4):11-23.
ZHANG Jiaqi,YU Shanshan,XU Linghan.Research on the Control Method of Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation Output in a New Power System Considering the Risk of Voltage Exceeding Limits[J].Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation,2026,63(4):11-23.

考虑电压越限风险的新型电力系统分布式光伏发电出力调控方法研究

Research on the Control Method of Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation Output in a New Power System Considering the Risk of Voltage Exceeding Limits

DOI：10.19753/j.issn1001-1390.2026.04.002

中文关键词: 光伏发电出力电压越限风险 Cornish-Fisher方法有功-无功综合控制策略 MANN-FM模型

英文关键词:Photovoltaic power generation output Risk of voltage exceeding the limit Cornish Fisher method Integrated active reactive power control strategy MANN-FM model

基金项目:南方电网科技项目（编号GDKJXM20231158(030100KC23110053）

作者中文名	作者英文名	单位
张佳祺	ZHANG Jiaqi	广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局
余姗姗	YU Shanshan	广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局
徐凌寒	XU Linghan	广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局

摘要点击次数: 4

中文摘要:

分布式光伏电源接入配电网后,其出力受辐照度骤变、云层遮挡等环境因素影响,呈现显著的非对称波动和厚尾分布特性,导致节点电压概率分布呈现多模态特征,从而无法准确计算配电网节点电压的越限风险指标,增加了电压越限的风险。基于此,提出考虑电压越限风险的新型电力系统分布式光伏发电出力调控方法。利用多头自注意力神经网络-因子分解机(Multi-head Attention Neural Network-Factorization Machine,MANN-FM)模型预测未来光伏出力,更准确地捕捉光伏出力的随机性和间歇性特征。基于这些预测结果,使用Cornish-Fisher方法计算分布式光伏接入的配电网节点电压越限风险指标,评估电压越限的风险。当预测到光伏发电出力将超过电网电压越限风险值时,通过实施有功功率和无功功率的综合控制策略,动态调整分布式光伏发电的出力,当电压越限风险较小时仅实施无功调节；若风险指标持续升高并超过预设阈值,则激活有功-无功协同控制模式,通过限制最大输出功率与增强无功补偿的联动控制,确保配电网电压稳定在安全运行范围内。实验结果表明,在基于10kV中压配电网典型场景下,所提方法在IEEE 33节点系统中验证有效性,其电压越限次数仅1次,功率波动率控制10kW上下,能确保配电网电压在安全范围内运行,适用于实际应用。

英文摘要:

After distributed photovoltaic power sources are connected to the distribution network, their output is affected by environmental factors such as sudden changes in irradiance and cloud occlusion, showing significant asymmetric fluctuations and thick-tailed distribution characteristics. This leads to a multimodal feature in the probability distribution of node voltages, making it impossible to accurately calculate the over-limit risk index of node voltages in the distribution network and increasing the risk of voltage over-limit. Based on this, a new output regulation method for distributed photovoltaic power generation in power systems considering the risk of voltage over-limit is proposed. The Multi-head Attention Neural Network-Factorization Machine(MANN-FM) model is utilized to predict future photovoltaic output, capturing the randomness and intermittency characteristics of photovoltaic output more accurately. Based on these prediction results, the Cornish-Fisher method is used to calculate the risk index of voltage over-limit at distribution network nodes connected to distributed photovoltaic power, and to evaluate the risk of voltage over-limit. When it is predicted that the output of photovoltaic power generation will exceed the risk value of grid voltage over-limit, the output of distributed photovoltaic power generation is dynamically adjusted by implementing a comprehensive control strategy of active power and reactive power. When the risk of voltage over-limit is relatively small, only reactive power regulation is implemented. If the risk indicators continue to rise and exceed the preset threshold, the active and reactive power cooperative control mode will be activated. Through the linked control of limiting the maximum output power and enhancing reactive power compensation, the voltage of the distribution network is ensured to remain stable within the safe operation range. The experimental results show that in the typical scenario based on the 10kV medium-voltage distribution network, the proposed method has been verified for effectiveness in the IEEE 33-node system. The voltage limit is exceeded only once, and the power fluctuation is controlled around 10kW. It can ensure that the distribution network voltage operates within a safe range and is suitable for practical applications.

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