A signal acquisition and storage system with the STM32 microprocessor as control core, ADS8365 as acquisition chip, NAND Flash K9K8G08U0M as memory chip is proposed. The system is awakened to work under "fire" signal with very low power consumption, while the power protection mechanism to ensure that the system in case of failure of the external power supply system is still able to work properly is added. The hardware design of the STM32 and ADS8365, the power protection circuit design and the software design on the STM32 how to operate FSMC Flash are focused on. Test results show that the system is reliable and stable, able to work under harsh flight conditions, to meet mission requirements.