According to the case of a mountain hydropower station 10kV distribution lines and equipment, analyzed the causes of the accident. Combined with ATP simulation software, a detailed analysis of unbalanced insulation, installing surge arresters, affect the installation of 10kV coupled ground lightning resistant lines and equipment levels. The article put forward two different proposed mine plan, using ATP software simulation and analysis and comparison, and ultimately reached these lightning protection measures specific applications in the 10kV lines and equipment.