According to the characteristics of transmission line distribution, the advantages and disadvantages of general LPWAN single-hop communication are analyzed, and the optimal multi-hop communication is adopted in LPWAN uplink. The optimal multi-hop routing and transmission configuration algorithm is given. First, the possible multi-hop combination is determined, then the bottleneck energy of all possible transmission configurations is calculated, and the optimal hop routing is calculated by combining the bottleneck energy in each multi-hop combination And the best transmission configuration. The simulation results show that the optimal hop mode is better than that of single hop.