In order to effectively solve the problems of difficulty in routing inspection and low efficiency in power transmission and transformation project, a robot inspection system based on artificial intelligence is designed. The application of the intelligent robot inspection system in the power transmission and transformation project is studied in detail through the design of the integrated structure of the intelligent robot inspection system and the key technology of the intelligent inspection robot. The whole system mainly comprises a base station subsystem, a communication subsystem and a terminal device. The key texture characteristic of the power transmission and transformation project is extracted, the specific image target is positioned in the positioning and inspection process, the abnormal sound of the local discharge is detected, the abnormal sound training and identification are finished, and the intelligent inspection of the power transmission and transformation project is realized. the experimental tests may It is known that the positioning accuracy in the horizontal direction can be controlled within 5 mm, and the positioning accuracy in the vertical direction is within 3 mm. And the real-time remote control, the task configuration and the data access of the inspection robot can be realized through the comprehensive monitoring platform client software or the mobile client. The various index tests show that the intelligent robot inspection system is suitable for the power transmission and transformation project, and has higher working efficiency.