In order to better control, manage and use random distributed renewable energy and loads with large demand fluctuations, this paper proposes different control strategies for different converters in the DC micro-grid system, and controls the coordinated operation of converters to ensure the stable operation of the system through different control strategies. Meanwhile, a cascaded topology is designed to form a hybrid energy storage system based on the complementary characteristics of super capacitors and batteries, which further improves the stability of the system. The system is divided into multiple operating modes, and the system realizes smooth and stable switching among multiple modes under the proposed control strategy. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink for the output fluctuation and load change of the distributed photovoltaic power supply during operation. The results show that the proposed strategy can effectively suppress the DC bus voltage fluctuation of the system and optimize the operation of hybrid energy storage, which improves the reliability and stability of the system, and verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the control strategy.