In order to further alleviate the tasks of regular inspection and patrol of transmission lines, a method for extracting and tracking transmission lines using intelligent drone inspection technology was proposed. Firstly, in view of the problems of low contrast and high noise in the images taken by drones, methods such as grayscale and filter processing were proposed to solve the problem of excessive interference factors in the image processing process; secondly, the LSD algorithm was used to realize the edge of the line Based on the removal of the image background signal, the Hough transform mathematical algorithm was used to realize the accurate connection of the transmission line; finally, the particle filter and the extended Kalman filter (EKF) two image details extraction techniques were used to establish the transmission line in the adjacent frame In the middle of the motion model, and using simulation software to identify the transmission line, the detection accuracy of the two methods were 94.21% and 93.68%, respectively, confirming that the article processing algorithm can realize the extraction and tracking of the transmission line.