Aiming at the current problem of location planning for electric vehicle charging station, a charging station location optimization strategy based on the prediction of charging demand distribution is proposed. This strategy establishes a charging station location and capacity model based on the Voronoi diagram method of Dijkstra shortest path and the double-layer dynamic queuing method to meet the charging demand under the continuous increase in the number of electric vehicles, on this basis, under the multi-objective constraints of the average annual construction and operation costs of charging stations, penalty costs of distribution network, and charging costs of electric vehicles, the objective function is to minimize the total planning costs of electric vehicle charging stations. Finally, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the objective function, and the newly-added charging station is analyzed in multiple scenarios. The simulation results of MATLAB and MATPOWER show that under the scenarios of different electric vehicle holdings, reasonable planning of the charging station layout can improve the economics of electric vehicle charging station location planning, which verifies the validity of the model, and provides a theoretical basis for the location planning of charging stations.