Reasonable planning of distributed power generation can reduce the power loss of distribution network. In this paper, aiming at the planning and configuration problem of renewable energy distributed power generation, an optimal configuration method of renewable energy distributed power generation based on improved ant lion optimization algorithm is proposed. This method firstly establishes a multi-objective function aiming at minimizing the actual power loss and improving the voltage distribution and voltage stability of the distribution network, and then using the improved ant lion optimization algorithm to imitate the hunting behavior of ant lions in nature, taking into account loss sensitivity Coefficients and voltage sensitivity coefficients are used to deduce the optimal bus position and capacity of different types of distributed power supply units. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out with the IEEE-33 bus radial distribution system. The experimental results show that, compared with other algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this paper is better in reducing power loss and voltage distribution, which verifies the adaptability and effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this paper.