In order to obtain the temperature and mechanical response characteristics of the stator winding of synchronous generator before and after inter turn short circuit, and realize the early maintenance of the equipment, this paper takes a salient pole synchronous generator as an example to build a "field circuit" coupling model, analyzes the distribution laws of the current, voltage, loss and winding electromagnetic force of the stator inter turn short circuit of synchronous generator, and imports the results into the workbench simulation platform, using "electromagnetic heat" The variation characteristics of temperature and mechanical response (total deformation, equivalent strain and equivalent stress) of synchronous generator before and after fault are obtained by "electromagnetic structure" coupling method. The analysis shows that the temperature rise of the machine stator winding after the fault has affected the temperature of the nearby slot winding, and the stress and deformation parts are concentrated in the stator end winding and the part where the end winding is connected with the straight section. This paper provides a basis for preventive insulation manufacturing of synchronous generator and detection and diagnosis technology of stator winding inter turn short circuit fault.