The power industry is a key area of carbon emissions in China, and also a major "responsible person" for achieving the "double carbon" goal. Accurate measurement of electricity carbon emissions is the basis for assessing the carbon emissions of various regions, industries and enterprises, and formulating a reasonable and feasible implementation path of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. This paper analyzes the current situation of carbon trading and carbon emission measurement, and summarizes the technical status of carbon emission measurement on the power generation side, power grid side and user side. Aiming at the application status of electricity carbon emission measurement technology in low-carbon power dispatching, low-carbon demand side impact and other work, this paper proposes the key issues and future development direction of optimizing carbon emission measurement technology, providing reference for further research on carbon emission measurement in the power industry.