随着“双碳”目标的提出，天然气作为火电转型过渡时期的重要能源，亟需通过绿色转型实现安全、稳定运行。碳捕集、利用和储存（carbon capture, utilization and storage，CCUS）技术的应用将为燃气电厂低碳发展提供可靠的技术支撑。文中提出一种发电机组（generator unit，GU）-电转气（power to gas，P2G）-CCUS系统，并构建一个考虑风电输出不确定性的数据驱动鲁棒优化（data-driven robust optimization，DDRO）模型。在此基础上，由于现有优化方法无法实现科学成本分配，考虑到主体间的合作博弈关系及系统运行的稳定性，建立了系统内部基于核仁法（nucleolus based cooperative game，NCG）的成本分配模型，以确保成本分配的科学性和合理性。结果表明：引入CCUS可以显著减少碳排放，并通过参与碳市场获得额外的利润；DDRO模型可以有效抵抗不确定风电输出的干扰，增强系统运行的安全性，降低传统优化模型的保守性；NCG模型可以实现GU、P2G和CCUS之间的合理分配，使得每个参与者都可以获得比其独立运行时更高的收益，提高参与者的合作意愿，进而增强合作的长期性与稳定性。
英文摘要:
With the proposal of "dual carbon" goal, natural gas, as an important energy in the transition period of thermal power transformation, urgently needs to achieve safe and stable operation through green transformation. The application of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology will provide reliable technical support for the low-carbon development of gas power plants. This paper proposes a generator unit (GU) -power to gas (P2G)-CCUS system, and constructs a data-driven robust optimization (DDRO) model considering the uncertainty of wind power output. On this basis, because the existing optimization methods cannot achieve scientific cost allocation, considering the cooperative game relationship between the entities and the stability of the system operation, a cost allocation model based on the nucleolus based cooperative game (NCG) within the system is established to ensure the scientific and reasonable cost allocation. The results show that the introduction of CCUS can significantly reduce carbon emissions and gain additional profits by participating in the carbon market; DDRO model can effectively resist the interference of uncertain wind power output, enhance the security of system operation, and reduce the conservatism of traditional optimization model; NCG model can realize the reasonable allocation among GU, P2G and CCUS, so that each participant can obtain higher income than its independent operation, improving their willingness to cooperate, and thus enhancing the long-term and stability of cooperation.