综合考虑可再生能源与需求侧负荷同时参与虚拟电厂的优化调度，可有效实现系统的经济运行并减小高峰负荷。因此，文中建立一种电动汽车(electric vehicle, EV)和中央空调系统(central air-conditioning systems, CACS)同时参与的虚拟电厂(virtual power plant, VPP)优化经济调度模型。结合其他能源机组设备，以典型日经济成本最小为目标，分析CACS、EV、EV-CACS系统分别参与VPP时的经济成本和优化调度，进一步细化了不同用户类型EV的调度差异；最后，利用MATLAB+CPLEX对文中建立的模型进行了算例分析，验证了文中所提模型的有效性。结果表明，所提模型能够进一步降低整个系统经济成本，且通过蓄冷槽对冷能的储存释放减少高功耗的用电量，有效实现削峰填谷。
英文摘要:
Considering renewable energy and demand-side loads simultaneously participating in the optimal dispatching of virtual power plant, the economic operation of the system and peak load reduction can be effectively achieved. Therefore, a virtual power plant (VPP) optimal economic dispatching model with simultaneous participation of electric vehicles (EVs) and central air-conditioning systems (CACS) is developed in this paper. Combined with other energy unit equipment, the economic cost and optimal scheduling of CACS, EV, and EV-CACS systems when they participate in VPP respectively are analyzed with the objective of minimizing the economic cost on a typical day, and the scheduling differences of different user types of EVs are further refined. Finally, the model established in the paper is analyzed by using MATLAB+CPLEX to validate the validity of the model proposed in this paper. The results show that the model can further reduce the economic cost of the whole system, and reduce the electricity consumption of high power consumption through the release of cold energy storage in the cold storage tank, effectively realizing peak shaving and valley filling.