为有效推动碳达峰碳中和以及可再生能源与需求侧负荷积极参与电力系统，文中建立一种电动汽车(Electric Vehicle, EV)和中央空调系统(Central Air-Conditioning Systems, CACS)参与的虚拟电厂(Virtual Power Plant, VPP)优化经济调度模型。以典型日经济成本最小为目标，分析了CACS、EV、EV-CACS系统分别参与VPP时的经济成本和优化调度，进一步细化了不同用户类型EV的调度差异，通过EV和CACS合理参与，降低整个模型经济成本。利用MATLAB+CPLEX对文中建立的模型进行验证分析，结果表明，CACS-EV参与调度时，相比于CACS或EV单独参与时，具备更好的经济性，且通过蓄冷槽对冷能的储存释放减少高功耗的用电量，有效实现削峰填谷。
英文摘要:
In order to effectively promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality as well as the active participation of renewable energy and demand-side loads in the power system, the paper establishes a virtual power plant (VPP) optimization and economic dispatch model with the participation of electric vehicle (EV) and air-conditioning (CACS) systems. With the objective of minimizing the economic cost on a typical day, the economic cost and optimal scheduling of CACS, EV, and EV-CACS systems when they participate in the VPP respectively are analyzed, and the EVs of different user types with different user types are further refined with the scheduling differences to reduce the overall model economic cost through the reasonable participation of EVs and CACS systems. The model established in the paper is validated and analyzed using MATLAB+CPLEX, and the results show that the CACS-EV participation in scheduling has a better economy compared to the CACS or EV participation alone, and reduces the electricity consumption of high power consumption through the release of cold energy storage by the cold storage tanks, which effectively realizes peak shaving and valley filling.