In order to further improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy and the economy of system operation, a bi-level programming optimal scheduling method for novel power system distribution network including virtual power plant cluster is proposed. Considering the uncertainty of system operation, stochastic chance constrained programming is used to model. The upper decision maker in the model is the system power supply reliability planning module. The decision variables are the distribution network operation scheme and the exchange power limit between each virtual power plant and the distribution network. The objective function is to maximize the optimistic value of the power supply reliability index in the form of probability, taking into account the necessary constraints such as distribution network power balance constraints, network node voltage offset constraints, branch capacity constraints, and reactive power compensation constraints. The lower decision-maker formulates the distributed generation operation plan for each subsystem under the premise of satisfying the exchange power limit of the virtual power plant cluster issued by the upper decision-maker for each virtual power plant energy management module, and minimizes the operation cost. Finally, based on the IEEE33 node system, a novel power system distribution network with virtual power plant cluster is constructed, and the model of the system operation is established. It is verified that the proposed model can minimize the operation cost under the premise of ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.