At present, the quality evaluation of distribution transformer inpower grid rarely takes into account the low-carbon nature in the production process. A quality evaluation method of distribution transformer based on carbon indices is proposed in this paper. Taking 10 kV oil-immersed distribution transformer as an example, through field research and partial carbon footprint modeling analysis of products, combined with the quality evaluation standard of distribution transformer of power grid, the carbon cost of raw materials, production energy consumption and quality inspection results are selected as the key factors, and the low-carbon quality index system of distribution transformer production is constructed. The weights of each index are determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation (CRITIC) method. An improved set pair analysis (SPA) is coupled with the variable fuzzy set (VFS) evaluation method for calculation, forming a comprehensive evaluation model for low-carbon quality in the production of 10 kV oil-immersed distribution transformers. The model is used to evaluate the samples submitted by different enterprises, andan in-depth analysis is conducted combined with the single-factor evaluation results. The research results can help to promote the construction of the green supply chain of power grid, which provides a reference for the comprehensive evaluation of the materials purchased by power grid.