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文章摘要
基于数据挖掘的高频用电大数据信息识别分类方法研究
Research on information recognition via high-frequency power consumption data based on data mining
Received:November 12, 2024  Revised:December 26, 2024
DOI:10.19753 / j.issn1001-1390.2026.08.007
中文关键词: 智能电能表  负荷特性分析  离散小波变换  数据隐私
英文关键词: smart meter  load profile analysis  discrete wavelet transformation  data privacy
基金项目:国网上海市电力公司科技项目(B3090D220000)
Author NameAffiliationE-mail
WANG Jinghua* State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company jhwang_95@hotmail.com 
ZHU Zheng State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company shzhuzheng@163.com 
XU Yukun State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company xuyukunn@163.com 
LIU Chang State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company lulul1028@163.com 
JIANG Chao Shanghai University of Electric Power 107633120@qq.com 
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中文摘要:
      智能电能表等高级计量设施相比传统计量设备具有超高频采集数据的能力,有助于更精准地刻画用电特性。然而,这一过程同时也有导致用户隐私泄露的风险,为解决这一问题,提出一种分解-重组技术,用于在保持原始数据的基本变化趋势和峰值等特征的基础上,从原始数据中生成不泄露隐私的负荷特性曲线。通过离散小波变换,高频负荷曲线被分解为低频的基本负荷成分和高频变化成分。随后,来自不同用户的负荷曲线在随机负载曲线生成器中按一定规则进行调整、转移并重新组合,以获得高保真的新负荷曲线。在真实数据上的实验表明,该方法生成的新负荷曲线可以充分保留原始数据的统计特性,保证了下游数据挖掘任务的可靠性,同时避免了高频计量数据可能引起的隐私泄露风险。
英文摘要:
      Smart meters and other advanced metering infrastructures have the capability to collect data at ultra-high frequencies, which helps to more accurately depict the characteristics of electricity usage. However, this process also poses a risk of user privacy leakage. To address this issue, a decomposition-reconstruction technique is proposed, which generates privacy-preserving load curves from the original data while maintaining the basic trend and peak features. Through discrete wavelet transformation, the high-frequency load curve is decomposed into low-frequency basic load components and high-frequency variation components. Subsequently, load curves from different users are adjusted, shifted, and recombined in a random load curve generator according to certain rules to obtain a high-fidelity new load curve. Experiments on real data show that the new load curves generated by this method can fully retain the statistical characteristics of the original data, ensuring the reliability of downstream data mining tasks, while avoiding the privacy leakage risks from high-frequency metering data.
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