Firstly, concepts for dynamic measurement and related scientific problems were summarized in this paper. Based on this, concepts for dynamic electric energy measurement and stable electric energy measurement were proposed，and definitions of dynamic load, dynamic load characteristic, impulse load, dynamic electric current were given. Then, requirements on modeling of dynamic test excitation signals and dynamic test error characteristic of energy meter, and system modeling of smart energy meter were provided. Secondly, existing research on dynamic test excitation signals and system modeling were discussed in the areas of control system, test system and sensor system .Compared with these research, the weakness and problems of energy meter were pointed out, and the complexity and difference of energy were shown. Finally, based on the analzation of dynamic characteristic indices in control system and sensor system, the ones of dynamic characteristic in energy meter were proposed. This paper aims to give new research idea in dynamic characteristic of energy meter, and to clarify the models of dynamic test excitation signals and system modeling of smart energy meter.