Due to the development of net and information technology in power industry, the traditional operating and maintaining mode of electric meter (OM-EM) is not fit for the modern requirement. In terms of the weaknesses of traditional mode of OM-EM, for instance, the unscientific path planning, long time cost and high energy cost, and the difficulty in grasping and adjusting process of OM-EM work, this paper proposes a new method. A novel multi-behavior fish swarm algorithm (MB-FSA) is proposed, and is also utilized in solving OM-EM problem based on the mathematical model which is also built in this study. Experimental result shows that the proposed MB-FSA outperforms some state-of-the-art algorithms significantly, and can solve the OM-EM problem effectively.