In view of the increasing permeability of renewable energy in microgrid.A new control method, virtual synchronous generator (VSG), was proposed to solve the problem of insufficient inertia and damping. Unlike traditional synchronous motors, virtual synchronous generators can control motor parameters in real time to achieve system stability. In this paper, the influence of inertia parameters and damping coefficients on the system stability is analyzed by combining the power angle characteristic curve and frequency oscillation curve of traditional active power control loop of synchronous generator. Combining the existing control methods, a control strategy based on optimal damping ratio and joint adaptive inertia parameters and damping coefficients is proposed..Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed strategy were verified by off-grid and grid-connected simulation analysis in Matlab/Simlink, and the results showed that the proposed strategy could effectively suppress system fluctuations and had good dynamic performance.