Aiming at the problems of poor fault location accuracy of traditional high-voltage transmission system in traveling wave protection, and easy to be affected by traveling wave velocity, a novel high-voltage transmission system protection scheme based on fast intrinsic mode decomposition (FIMD) and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, FIMD is used to decompose the transient traveling wave signals to extract the natural mode component, and SVM is used to train the eigenvector data, so as to realize the identification of fault type and fault location. Finally, the simulation system is built jointly by PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB software to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed protection method.