在“双碳”目标背景下，为提高综合能源系统（integrated energy system, IES）能源利用效率，同时进一步限制系统内二氧化碳排放量，使其低碳经济运行，文中提出一种计及奖惩阶梯型碳交易的IES优化调度模型。利用综合灵活运行方式下的碳捕集系统能量时移特性对其建模，以消纳多余风电，减少碳排放；建立两阶段电转气模型，以进一步消纳风电并提供天然气及氢气供给负荷；最后，基于生命周期评价方法测算系统碳排放量，结合奖惩阶梯型碳交易机制，以综合运行成本最低为目标函数的低碳经济调度模型，运用算例对多场景进行仿真，验证所提模型的有效性。仿真结果表明，所提模型能够有效降低碳排放量、弃风量以及综合运行成本。
英文摘要:
Under the background of “double carbon”target, in order to improve the energy utilization efficiency of integrated energy system ( IES ) and further limit the carbon dioxide emissions in the system to make it operate in a low-carbon economy, an IES optimal scheduling model considering reward-penalty ladder carbon trading is proposed. Firstly, the energy time-shift characteristics of the carbon capture system under the integrated flexible operation mode are used to model it to absorb excess wind power and reduce carbon emissions. Secondly, a two-stage power-to-gas model is established to further absorb wind power and provide natural gas and hydrogen supply loads. Finally, the carbon emissions of the system are measured based on the life cycle assessment method, combined with the reward and punishment ladder carbon trading mechanism, a low-carbon economic dispatch model with the lowest comprehensive operating cost as the objective function is used to simulate multiple scenarios to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively reduce carbon emissions, abandoned air volume and comprehensive operating costs.